Sinus Anatomy
Sinuses are air-filled pockets in the areas surrounding the nose. There are four types of sinuses on either side of the face.


Each sinus has an opening through which mucus drains. The drainage of mucus is a normal process that keeps the sinus healthy. Mucus moistens the nasal lining and protects the inside of the nose from impurities such as dust, pollutants, and bacteria.

The Causes of Sinusitis
Sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinus lining most commonly caused by bacterial, viral, and / or microbial infections; as well as, structural issues such as blockage of the sinus opening (ostium). If the ostium becomes swollen shut, normal mucus drainage may not occur. This condition may lead to infection and inflammation of the sinuses.



Sinusitis Symptoms
Common symptoms may include:

• Facial pain, pressure, congestion or fullness
• Nasal obstruction or blockage
• Discharge of discolored mucus from the nose
• Discolored post-nasal drainage
• Loss of smell

Additional symptoms may include:

• Headache
• Bad breath
• Fatigue

Types of Sinusitis
There are two main categories of sinusitis: acute and chronic. Sinusitis is usually preceded by a cold, allergy attack or irritation from environmental pollutants. Often, the resulting symptoms, such as nasal pressure, nasal congestion, a "runny nose," and fever, run their course in a few days. However, if symptoms persist, a bacterial infection or acute sinusitis may develop. If the condition occurs frequently or lasts three months or more, it may be chronic sinusitis.